Abou t the Me nu Func ti on
Making S ettings for
the Menu
1 P ress and hold [ (folder)/MENU] to
enter the men u mode.
The menu mode windo w w ill be
display ed.
2 P ress [–
] or [
+] to
select the menu item f or which
you wan t to set, and then press
[ PLA Y/STO P•ENTER].
3 P ress [–
] or [
+] to select the
setting that yo u want to set, and then
press [ P LA Y/STOP•ENTER].
4 P ress [
(stop)] to exi t t he menu mode.
Note
If yo u do not pr ess an y butt on for 1 min ute,
the menu mode is a utoma tica lly canceled and
the window will return to the no rmal display .
T o return t o the previous window
Press [ (fo lder)/MENU] during men u
mode.
T o e xit the menu mode
Press [
(stop)].
Menu settings
*: Initial setting
MODE
Sets the recording mode.
SHQ*: S uper high-quality mona ura l recordin g
mode (44.1 kHz/192 kbps)
Y ou can recor d with mona ural super high-
quality sound.
HQ: High-quali ty monaural r ecording mode
(44.1 kHz/128 kbps)
Y ou can recor d with mona ural high-quality
sound.
SP: Sta ndard pla y monaural recordin g mode
(44.1 kHz/48 kbps)
Y ou can recor d with standard q uality
sound.
LP: Long pla y mona ural recordin g mode
(11.025 kHz/8 kbps)
Y ou can recor d for a lon ger time with
mona ural sound.
Note
Y ou cannot cha nge the recor ding mode w hile
recordin g.
SENS
Sets the microphon e sensitivity .
*: T o r ecord a sound fa r away fr om the IC
recorder or a low sound, such as a recordin g
made in a spacious room.
: T o r ecord dictation wi th a micropho ne
in fron t of your mo uth, a s ound near the IC
recorder , o r a loud sound.
V OR
Sets the VOR (V oice Operated Recording)
function.
ON: Recordin g starts when the IC recor der
detects sound and pauses when no sound
is heard, elimin ating reco rding d uring
soundless periods. The VO R function is
activated when [
REC/P A USE] is pr essed.
OFF*: The V OR function does not work.
REC-OP
Adds a r e cording t o a previousl y recorded
message or adds a n overwrite recor ding
during pla yback.
ON: Y ou can add a recor ding or overwrite a
recordin g.
ADD*: Y ou can add a recor ding.
OVER: Y ou can o verwr ite a reco rding.
OFF*: Y ou cannot add a r ecording o r
overwrite a recor ding.
DPC
Sets the DPC (Digital Pitch Con trol) function.
ON: Y ou can adju st the speed of the playback
in a range fro m +100% to –50%, by 10%
incremen ts for the + setting a nd by 5%
decrements f or the – setting.
OFF*: The DPC function is cance led.
N-CUT
Sets the noise cut function.
ON: The disto rtion of very low and high
frequencies which are o utside the human
voice ran ge is reduced, ther efore you can
hear the huma n voice mo re clearly .
OFF*: The noise cut function does not w ork.
Note
The effect of the noise cut function ma y be
different dependin g on the condi tion of the
recorded v oice.
EAS Y -S
Sets the easy search function.
ON: Y ou can go fo rward for abou t 10 seconds
by pr essing [
+] and go back fo r about 3
seconds by p ressing [–
]. This function
is useful when attem pting to locate desir e d
point in a lo ng recor ding.
OFF*: The easy search function does not
work. W hen you pr ess [
+] or [–
],
a message will be moved fo rward or
backward .
CONT
Plays back the messag es in the selected folder
contin uously .
ON: The CONT function is activat ed.
OFF*: A message is p layed back and the I C
recorder s tops a t the beginning of the next
message.
DISPLA Y
ELAPSE*: During recordin g, the recordin g
time of the current mes sage
During playing back, the ela ps ed playback
time of one mes sage
REMAIN: During recordin g or being stop p ed,
the available r e cording time
During playing back, the r emaining time of
the message
REC D A TE: Recording dat e
REC TIME: Recording time
SET D A TE
Sets the year , month, day , ho ur , and minu te in
sequence.
HOUR
Sets the clock display .
12H: AM12:00 = midnight, PM12:00 = noon
24H*: 0:00 = midnight, 12:00 = noon
BEEP
Sets whether a beep w ill be heard or not.
ON*: A beep will sound to indicate tha t an
operation ha s been accepted or an erro r has
occurred.
OFF: N o beep sound will be heard.
Note
The alarm and A VLS b eep sound even if you
set “BEEP” to “ OFF” in the menu.
LED
T urns the o peration indicat or on o r off during
operation.
ON*: During recor ding or pla y back, the
operation indica tor lights or flashes.
OFF: The opera tion indicat or does not light o r
flash, even during operation.
ALARM
Sets the alarm.
ON: T o s et the alarm, select “ON” a nd set the
date, time o r day of the w eek, or choose
“D AIL Y ” for pla yback.
B-PLA Y*: The selected message will be
played back a fter the alarm when the
alarm time comes.
BEEP: Only the alarm will sound when
the alarm time comes.
PLA Y : Only the selected message will
be played back when the alarm time
comes.
OFF*: The alarm setting is canceled.
Notes
Y ou can set only one alarm fo r each one
message.
The alarm and A VLS b eep sound even if you
set “BEEP” to “ OFF” in the menu.
If the alarm time comes d uring recordin g,
the alarm will sound after the recordin g is
finished. “ ” will flash when the al arm time
comes.
If mor e t han one alarm time com es, only
the first message will be played back with
an alarm.
Once the alarm is set, the alarm will not be
canceled, even after the messag e is played
back.
If the alarm time comes while ano ther
message is being pla yed back with an alarm,
the playback stops a nd the new message will
be played back.
If yo u divide a message yo u have set an
alarm for , the alarm setting remain s on only
the first part of the divided message.
If the alarm time comes d uring erasing
operation, alarm will sound fo r 10 seconds
after the erasing is finished and p layback
begins.
If the alarm time comes while you a re
updating da ta, the alarm will b e canceled
aut omatically .
If yo u delete a message o n which you
have set an alarm, tha t alarm will be als o
canceled.
A VLS (F or European model only)
Sets the A VLS (A utomatic V olume Limiter
System) function.
ON*: The A VLS f unction that main tains a
moderate vo lume level is effective when
listening with the headp hones.
OFF: The A VLS funct ion does not wo rk and
the sound is play ed back at the original
volume . When yo u set the function to
“ OFF , ” be eps will sound and a message will
be displayed fo r your confirmation.
Notes
The alarm and A VLS b eep sound even if you
set “BEEP” to “ OFF” in the menu.
When yo u listen the sound using the
headphon es for the specified period of time,
the A VLS function is a utom atically turned
on.
When yo u turn off the function, please be
careful not to lis ten to an excessi ve vol ume
of the sound.
LOCK
Locks the message so that you ca nnot mov e
it, erase it, add a new message t o it, add an
overwritten message t o it, or divide i t.
ON: The lock function is activated.
OFF*: The lock function is canceled.
MOVE
The selected message will be moved to the
selected folder ( , , , , or ).
Before at tempting to mo ve a message, select
the message to be mov ed, and then go to the
menu windo w .
ALL ERASE
All messages in the selected folder will be
erased.
Select a folder from which all messages ar e to
be erased, and then go to the menu win dow
and pr ess [ PLA Y/STOP•ENTER] while
“ ALL ERASE ” is flashing.
Ot her Re cordi ng Op erati on s
Monitoring the
Recor ding
If yo u connect commer cially available
headpho nes to the
(headpho ne) jack
before y ou start, you can m onito r t he
recor ding. Y ou can adj ust the moni toring
volume b y pressing [V OL –/+], but the
recor ding level is fixed.
Note
When yo u are using the b uilt-in speaker
or moni toring the reco rding, the noi se cut
function may no t be effective.
Dividing a Message
During Recording
Y ou can divide a message d ur ing recor ding
so that the message is di vided into two
parts, and a new message n umber is added
to the newer part of the divided message .
Once a message is divided, y ou canno t re-
comb ine the divided messages.
1 P ress [DIVIDE] during r ecording.
“DIVID E” and a new messag e number
flash in the display windo w and the new
message n umber is added at the poin t
you pr esse d the butt on. The message will
be recorded as two mes sages, how ever
recor ding con tinues witho ut stop ping.
Message is divided.
Message 2 and Message 3 are recor ded
without stopping.
Message 1 Message 2 Message 3
Tip
Y ou can divide the currently r ecorded message
during reco rding pau se.
Notes
When yo u divide a message in to two , at the
point o f division, the end of the first mes sage
and the beginning of the second messag e
may o verlap . Y o u may hear the sam e sounds
at these points in both mes sages.
If the rema ining recor ding time is less than 3
seconds, you cann ot divide a message .
Recor ding with an
External Microphone
or from Other
Equipment
1 Connect an ext ernal micropho ne or
other equip ment to the
(microph one)
jack when the IC recor der is in the stop
mode.
When the reco rding mode is set to
“S HQ” or “ HQ, ” and a stereo micro phone
is used, you can r ecord sound in s tereo .
When yo u use an other equip ment,
connect the audio o utpu t connector
(stereo mini-pl ug) of other equi pment
to the
(microph one) jack of the I C
recor der using an a udio connecting cable
(not su pplied).
For deta ils about the a udio connecting
cable, see “ Specifications. ”
2 P ress [ (folder)/MENU] to select
the folder in which yo u want to r e cord
messages ( , , , , or ).
3 P ress [
REC/P A USE] to start r ecording.
The built-in micr opho ne is au toma t ically
cut off.
If the in put level is no t strong enough,
adjust the micr ophone sensitivi ty on the
IC reco rder .
When a pl ug in power type microp hone
is connected, power i s aut omatically
supp lied to the microph one from the I C
recor der .
4 P ress [
(stop)] to s top reco rding.
Note
Before you s tart recordin g, we recommend
you make a trial recor ding first.
T o rec ord sound from a telephone
or a cell phone
Y ou can use the ECM-TL1 headpho ne-
type electret condenser microp hone (no t
supp lied) to recor d sound from a telep hone
or a cell pho ne.
For deta ils on how t o make the connection,
refer to the o perating instructions su pplied
with the ECM-TL1 microp hone.
Adding a Rec ording to
a Pre viously Recorded
Message
When “REC-O P” in the menu is set to
“ ADD , ” you ca n add a recordin g to the
message being pla yed back. The added
recor ding will be placed after the current
message, an d will be counted as a part of
the message.
During playback of Message 3
Added recor ding
Message 3 Message 4
Message 3 Message 4
After adding a recor ding
1 P ress and hold [ (folder)/MENU] to
enter the men u mode.
The menu mode windo w w ill be
display ed.
2 P ress [–
] or [
+] to
select “REC-OP , ” and then press
[ PLA Y/STO P•ENTER].
3 P ress [–
] or [
+] to
select “ON, ” and then press
[ PLA Y/STO P•ENTER].
4 P ress [–
] or [
+] to
select “ ADD , ” and then pres s
[ PLA Y/STO P•ENTER].
5 P ress [
(stop)] to exi t t he menu mode.
6 W hen the message to be added is played
back, press [
REC/P A USE].
and “ ADD” will flash and the IC
recor der stops in the reco rding pa use
mode.
7 W hi le “ ADD ” is flashing, press [
REC/
P A USE] again.
The operatio n indicato r will light in red,
and the recor ding will b e added at the
end of the curren t message.
8 P ress [
(stop)] to s top reco rding.
Notes
Y ou cannot add a reco rding if the rema ining
memory is insufficient.
The added portion of a message will be
recorded in the same r e cording m ode.
If 10 min utes ha ve passed after step 6, yo u
must sta rt the procedure aga in from the
beginning.
Adding an Ov er write
Recor ding during
Playback
When “REC-O P” in the menu is set
to “ OVER, ” you can add an o verwr ite
recor ding after a selected point in a
recor ded message. The rem ainder of the
message after the selected point i s deleted.
The starting point of an overwrite recording
Message 2
Message 4
The deleted part of
Message 2
Message 3 Message 4
Message 2 Message 3
Added overwrite recor ding in Message 2
1 P ress and hold [ (folder)/MENU] to
enter the men u mode.
The menu mode windo w w ill be
display ed.
2 P ress [–
] or [
+] to
select “REC-OP , ” and then press
[ PLA Y/STO P•ENTER].
3 P ress [–
] or [
+] to
select “ON, ” and then press
[ PLA Y/STO P•ENTER].
4 P ress [–
] or [
+] to
select “O VER, ” and then pr ess
[ PLA Y/STO P•ENTER].
5 P ress [
(stop)] to exi t t he menu mode.
6 W hen the message to be overwritten is
played back, p ress [
REC/P A USE].
and “ OVER ” will f lash and the IC
recor der stops in the reco rding pa use
mode.
7 W hi le “ OVER ” is flashing, pres s
[
REC/P A USE] again.
The operatio n indicato r will light in red,
and reco rding starts.
8 P ress [
(stop)] to s top reco rding.
Notes
Y ou cannot ov erwr ite a recoding if the
remaining m emory is insufficient.
The overwritten portion of a m essage will be
recorded in the same r e cording m ode.
If 10 min utes ha ve passed after step 6, yo u
must sta rt the procedure aga in from the
beginning.
Ot her Pl ayba ck Op erati ons
C onv enient Playback
Methods
T o listen with better sound quality
T o listen with the headphones:
Connect a supplied or co mmercially
availab le headphon es to the
(headpho ne) jack. The built-in speaker
will be automa tica lly disconnected.
T o listen from an exte rnal speaker :
Connect an active or passive s peaker (not
supp lied) to the
(headpho ne) jack.
Quickly locating the point you
wish to start playback (Easy
Search)
When “EA SY -S” is set to “O N” in the men u,
you can q uickly locate the poin t at which
you wish to s tart playback by pr essing
[–
] or [
+] repeatedly d uring
playback.
Y ou can go back a ppr ox. 3 seconds b y
pressin g [–
] once, o r advance a ppr ox.
10 seconds by p ressing [
+] once. This
function is useful for locating a desired
point in a lo ng recor ding.
T o pla y back a message repeatedly
During playback, pr ess and hold
[
PLA Y/STO P•ENTER] until “ ”
appears. Th e selected message will be
played back r ep eatedly .
T o r esume normal playback, press
[
PLA Y/STO P•ENTER] again.
Playing Back a
Specified Sec tion
Repeatedly – A -B
repeat
1 During p layback, pres s [ (repeat) A -B]
to specify the starting point A.
“ A -B B” flashes.
2 P ress [ (repeat) A -B] again to specify
the finishing point B .
“ ” and “ A -B” a re displa yed and
the specified s ection is played back
repeatedly .
T o resume normal pla yback
Press [
PLA Y/STO P•ENTER].
T o stop A -B repeat playback
Press [
(stop)].
T o change the segment specified
for A-B repea t playback
During A -B repeat playback, press [
(repeat) A -B] again to specify a new
starting point A. Then s pecif y a new
finishing point B , as in step 2.
Note
Y ou cannot set point A a nd point B a t t he very
beginning (0.5 seconds from the beginning) or
at the very end (0.5 seconds prior to the end)
of the message.
Recor ding on Other
Equipment
Y ou can recor d t he message of the I C
recor der on other equi pmen t.
Before yo u start recordin g, we recommen d
you to mak e trial recording first.
1 Connect the
(headpho ne) jack of the
IC reco rder to the a udio inpu t connector
(stereo minijac k) of other equi pmen t
using an a udio connect ing cable (no t
supp lied).
For deta ils about the a udio connecting
cable, see “ Specifications. ”
2 P ress [
PLA Y/STO P•ENTER] to start
playback and a t t he same time set the
connected equip ment to the r ecording
mode.
A message from the I C recorder will be
recor ded on the equipm ent conn ected.
3 P ress
(stop) o n the IC recor der . Also
stop the co nnected equipmen t at the
same time.
Tip
When yo u connect an audio co nnecting cable
to the
(headphon e) jack of the IC r ecorder
for the specified period of time, the A VLS
function is aut oma tically turned on. The
A VLS function limits the m aximum vol ume
to main tain a moderate vo lume level (fo r
Eur opean model only).
Edit in g M ess age s
Dividing a Message
into T wo
Y ou can divide a message d ur ing playback,
so that the message is di vided into two
parts and a new message n umber is added
to the newer part of the divided message .
By dividing a messag e, you can easily find
the point fro m which you wan t to play back
when you make a lo ng recor ding such as at
a meeting. Y ou can divide a message un ti l
the total num ber of messages in the folder
reaches 99.
1 P ress [DIVIDE] while you ar e playing
back the message yo u want t o divide.
The current mes sage num ber and
“DIVID E” flash.
2 P ress [DIVIDE] again.
“DIVID E” ap p ears, a new number is
added to the newer part of the divided
message, an d the message n umbers
of the follo wing messages will be
incremen ted by one.
Message 1 Message 2
A Message is divided.
Message 3
Message 1 Message 4 Message 2 Message 3
The message numbers are incr emented.
T o cancel dividing the message
Press [
(stop)] befo re step 2.
Notes
When yo u divide a message with a title an d
artist name, the newer part has the same ti tle
and artist name .
Once a message is divided, y ou cannot
comb ine divided messages using the I C
recorder .
If mor e t han 10 seconds ha ve passed after
step 1, you m ust start the procedure again
from the beginning.
If yo u divide a message during A -B repeat
playback or o ne message repea t playback,
the repeat setting will be canceled.
Addit ion al In form atio n
Precautions
On power
Operate the unit o nly on 3.0 V or 2.4 V DC.
U se two LR03 (size AAA) alka line batteries
or two NH-AAA rech argeab le batteries.
On safety
Do not operat e the unit while driving,
cycling or opera t ing an y moto rized vehicle.
On handling
Do not leave the uni t in a lo cation near
heat sour ces, or in a place sub ject to direct
sunlight, excessi ve dust o r mechanical
shock.
Should an y solid object or liquid fall into
the unit, remo ve the batteries and ha ve
the unit checked b y qualif ied personnel
before o perating it a ny further .
Be careful not to allow wa ter to splash
on the unit. The uni t is not wa ter-proof .
In particular , be careful in the following
situa tions.
When yo u have the uni t in your pocket
and go to the ba t hroom, etc.
When yo u bend down, the unit ma y
drop in to the water and ma y get wet.
When yo u use the unit in an
envir onmen t where the unit is exposed
to rain, sno w , or h umidity .
In circums tances where yo u get sweaty .
If yo u touch the uni t with wet hands
or if you p ut the unit in the pocket of
sweaty clo thes, the unit may g et wet.
Y ou may f eel pain in your ears if y ou
use the headphones when the a mbien t
air is very dr y . This is not because of
a malfunction of the headpho nes, but
because of static electricity accumula ted
in your body . Y ou can r educe static
electricity by wearing no n-synthetic
clothes that p revent the emergence o f
static electricity .
On maintenance
T o c lean the exterior , use a soft cloth
slightly mo istened in wat er . Do not use
alcohol, benzine or thinner .
If yo u have a ny q uestions or p roblems
concerning yo ur unit, please cons ult your
nearest Son y dea ler .
Backup recommendations
T o a void potential risk of da t a loss
caused by acciden t al operation o r
malfunction of the IC reco rder , we
recommend tha t you save a backu p copy
of your r ecorded messages on a tape
recor der , etc.
Specifications
Design and specifications
IC recorder section
Capacity (User available capacity)
2 GB equals 2,147,483,648 bytes, a portion o f
which is used for system ma nagemen t and/or
app lication files.
A vailable capacity is a pproxima tely 1.79 GB
(1,924,136,960 bytes).
Fr equency range
SHQ: 75 H z - 20,000 Hz
HQ: 75 Hz - 17,000 Hz
SP: 75 Hz - 15,000 H z
LP: 80 Hz - 3,500 Hz
MP3 bit rate and sampling frequency for
recording mode
SHQ: 44.1 kH z, 192 kbps
HQ: 44.1 kHz, 128 kb ps
SP: 44.1 kHz, 48 k bps
LP: 11.025 kHz, 8 kb ps
General
Speaker
A ppr ox. 28 mm (1 1/8 in.) dia.
Input/Output
Microp hone jack (mini jack, stereo)
inpu t for plug in power , minimum
inpu t le vel 0.4 mV , 3 kilohms or lo wer
impedance micro phone
Headp hone jack (mini jack, stereo)
outp ut for 16 ohms - 300 ohms
headphon es
Playback speed contr ol (DPC)
+100% to –50%
Po wer output
300 mW
Po wer requirements
T wo LR03 (size AAA) alkaline batteries
(supp lied): 3.0 V DC
T wo NH-AAA rechar geable bat teries (not
supp lied): 2.4 V DC
Operating temperatur e
5˚C - 35˚C (41˚F - 95˚F)
Dimensions (w/h/d) (not incl. projecting
parts and controls) (JEIT A)*
1
37.5 mm × 114 mm × 20.9 mm (1 1/2 in. ×
4 1/2 in. × 27/32 in.)
Mass (JEIT A)*
1
A ppr ox. 73.0 g (2 3/5 oz) incl uding LR03 (size
AAA) alkaline batteries
*
1
M easured value b y the standard o f JEIT A
(Japa n Electronics and Inf ormation
T echno logy Industries Association)
Supplied accessories
See “Step 1: Checking the Con tents of the
Packag e. ”
Optional accessories
Active s peaker SRS-M50
Electret condenser microp hone ECM-CS10,
ECM-CZ10, ECM-DS70P , ECM-DS30P ,
ECM-TL1
A udio connecting cable* RK-G136, RK-G139
(excludin g Euro p e)
Rechargeab le battery NH-AAA -B2KN
(excludin g U .S.A., Canada, Latin America)
Battery charger BCG-34HSN (excl uding
U .S.A., Canada, Latin America)
Charger with ba ttery BC G-34HS2KAN
(U .S.A., Canada, Latin America only)
* Audio connecting cable
T o the I C
recorder
T o the o ther
equipment
RK-G139 Stereo
mini-plug
Mini-plug
(mona ural)
RK-G136 Stereo
mini-plug
Stereo
mini-plug
Y our dealer may not h andle some of the
above list ed optional accesso ries. Please ask
the dealer for detailed informa tion.
Design and specifications ar e subject to
chang e without n otice.
Maximum recording time*
2
*
3
The maximum r e cording time o f a ll the
folders is as f ollows.
SHQ mode HQ mode SP mode LP mode
22 hr .
15 min.
33 hr .
20 min.
89 hr . 534 hr .
25 min.
(hr . : hours/min. : minu tes)
*
2
When y ou ar e going to r e cord co ntinuo usly
for a lon g time, you ma y have to replace
the batteries with new on es in the midst of
recordin g.
*
3
The maxim um recor ding time varies if you
record m essages in mixed reco rding mode.
Battery life*
4
When using Son y LR03 (SG) (size AAA)
alkaline batteries (with con tinuous use)
Recording mode*
5
SHQ HQ
Recording A ppr ox.
34 hr .
A ppr ox.
34 hr .
Playback*
6
through
speaker
A ppr ox.
12 hr .
A ppr ox.
12 hr .
Playback using the
headphon es
A ppr ox.
36 hr .
A ppr ox.
36 hr .
(hr . : hours)
Recording mode*
5
SP LP
Recording A ppr ox.
39 hr .
A ppr ox.
55 hr .
Playback*
6
through
speaker
A ppr ox.
12 hr .
A ppr ox.
12 hr .
Playback using the
headphon es
A ppr ox.
36 hr .
A ppr ox.
36 hr .
(hr . : hours)
When using Son y NH-AAA rechargeable
batteries (wi th contin uous use)
Recording mode*
5
SHQ HQ
Recording A ppr ox.
22 hr .
A ppr ox.
22 hr .
Playback*
6
through
speaker
A ppr ox.
10 hr .
A ppr ox.
10 hr .
Playback using the
headphon es
A ppr ox.
25 hr .
A ppr ox.
25 hr .
(hr . : hours)
Recording mode*
5
SP LP
Recording A ppr ox.
27 hr .
A ppr ox.
37 hr .
Playback*
6
through
speaker
A ppr ox.
10 hr .
A ppr ox.
10 hr .
Playback using the
headphon es
A ppr ox.
25 hr .
A ppr ox.
25 hr .
(hr . : hours)
*
4
The bat ter y life is measured in testing using
methods prop r ietary to S ony , and with the
initial settings for the I C recorder . H owever ,
“LED ” and “ A VLS ” are set to “O FF . ” The
battery life may s horten depending on ho w
you opera te the IC reco rder .
*
5
F or details about the r e cording mode, see
“M enu settings. ”
*
6
When p laying back m usic through the
internal speaker with the vol ume level set to
27
T r ademarks
MPEG Layer -3 audio coding technology
and pat ents licensed from F raunhofer IIS
and Thom son.
All other trademarks and r egistered
trademarks ar e trademarks or r egistered
trademarks of their r espective holders.
Furthermore , “
TM
” and “
” are no t
mention ed in each case in this manual.