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RQT5479
Reference
Glossary
Frame
Frames are the still pictures that go together to make a moving
picture.
Field
One frame is made up of two fields.
A regular television shows these fields one after the other to create
frames.
Frame still and field still
A still is shown when you pause a moving picture.
A frame still is made up of two alternating fields, so the picture may
appear blurred, but overall quality is high.
A field still is not blurred, but it has only half the information of a
frame still so picture quality is lower.
I/P/B
MPEG 2, the video compression standard adopted for use with
DVD, codes frames using these three picture types.
I: Intra coded picture (I-picture)
This is the standard picture and is a complete picture in itself. This
means it has the best picture quality and is the best to use when
adjusting the picture.
P: Predictive coded picture (P-picture)
This picture is calculated based on past I and P-pictures.
B: Bidirectionally-predictive coded picture (B-picture)
This picture is calculated by comparing past and future I and P-
pictures so it has the lowest volume of information.
Video
Decoder
A decoder restores the coded audio signals on DVDs to normal.
This is called decoding.
Dolby Digital
This is a method of coding digital signals developed by Dolby
Laboratories. The signals are highly compressed, enabling a large
amount of information to be recorded on one disc.
Digital Theater Systems (DTS) Digital Surround
This is a method of coding digital signals developed by Digital
Theater Systems. The signals are compressed at a low ratio to
maintain sound quality.
Sampling rate
This is the number of samples of sound taken per second during
conversion to a digital signal. Sampling frequency is expressed in
kilohertz (kHz). A high sampling frequency results in a sound close
to the original when played back.
Linear PCM (pulse code modulation)
PCM is the usual digital method used for music CDs. DVDs have a
greater volume so they use linear PCM, which has a higher
sampling rate.
The compressed version of this is called Packed PCM.
Bitstream
This is the digital form of multiple channel audio data (e.g., 5.1
channel) before it is decoded into its various channels.
Digital audio
Track
This is the smallest division on DVD-Audio, CD, and Video CD, and
usually equates to a single song.
Index
Indexes are included on some DVD-Audio to further divide tracks
into smaller sections.
Chapter
This is the smallest division on DVD-Video and is roughly equivalent
to a track.
Group
The tracks on DVD-Audio are divided up into groups. The method of
grouping depends on the disc.
Title
This is the largest division on DVD-Video.
Playback control (PBC)
This method of controlling disc play is included on version 2.0 Video
CDs. You are able to interact with the disc through menus.
Other
Manufactured under license from Dolby Laboratories.
“Dolby” and the double- D symbol are trademarks of Dolby
Laboratories.
Confidential Unpublished Works. C 1992 - 1999 Dolby
Laboratories. All rights reserved.
Manufactured under license from Digital Theater Systems, Inc.
“DTS” and “DTS Digital Surround” are trademarks of Digital
Theater Systems, Inc. C 1996 Digital Theater Systems, Inc. All
rights reserved.
This product incorporates copyright protection technology that is
protected by method claims of certain U.S. patents and other
intellectual property rights owned by Macrovision Corporation
and other right owners. Use of this copyright protection
technology must be authorized by Macrovision Corporation, and
is intended for home and other limited viewing uses only unless
otherwise authorized by Macrovision Corporation. Reverse
engineering or disassembly is prohibited.
