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CHART PLOTTER NAME DESCRIPTION SOFTWARE
CHART MASTER V6 5.7" Sunlight Readable Color Display S3egIN7vc
External Smart GPS Receiver
CHART MASTER V6i 5.7" Sunlight Readable Color Display S3igIN7vc
Internal GPS Receiver
CHART MASTER 7MX 5.6" Gray Levels Display S3egIN7m
External Smart GPS Receiver
CHART MASTER 7MI 5.6" Gray Levels Display S3igIN7m
Internal GPS Receiver
CHART MASTER 7CXS 5.6" Sunlight Readable Color Display S3egIN7c
External GPS Receiver
CHART MASTER 7CI 5.6" Color Display S3igIN7c
Internal GPS Receiver
CHART MASTER 169CS 7" Sunlight Readable Color Display S3egIN7wc
External Smart GPS Receiver
CHART MASTER 169CSI 7" Sunlight Readable Color Display S3igIN7wc
Internal GPS Receiver
CHART MASTER 11 CV+ 11" Color Display S3egIN11c
External Smart GPS Receiver & Video Input
CHART MASTER 11 CVS+ 11" Sunlight Readable Color Display S3egIN11c
External Smart GPS Receiver & Video Input
Copyright 2006 Interphase Technologies Inc. - (C1100-250706E)
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in
a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher.
User Manual
4 User Manual
Contents
About this User Manual ................................................................................. 9
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 9
CONVENTIONS USED ................................................................................. 9
HOW THIS USER MANUAL IS ORGANIZED ............................................................... 9
IF YOU NEED ASSISTANCE ............................................................................... 10
Important Information ............................................................................... 11
WARNING ............................................................................... 11
WARRANTY STATEMENT ............................................................................... 11
CAUTION ............................................................................... 11
CLEANING PROCEDURE FOR THE PLOTTER SCREEN ................................................ 12
1. Overview ............................................................................... 13
1.1 CHART PLOTTER ............................................................................... 13
1.2 C-MAP NT MAX CARTOGRAPHY INFORMATION ............................................... 13
1.3 GPS ............................................................................... 14
How GPS works ............................................................................... 14
Position Fixing Accuracy: HDOP .................................................................... 15
2. Getting Started ............................................................................... 17
2.1 SWITCHING ON/OFF ............................................................................... 17
Switching On ............................................................................... 17
Switching Off ............................................................................... 17
2.2 CHANGING BACKLIGHT AND CONTRAST ....................................................... 17
2.3 SELECTING THE LANGUAGE ........................................................................ 17
2.4 USING C-MAP C-CARDS .............................................................................. 17
2.5 SIMULATION MODE ............................................................................... 17
2.6 CONTROLLING THE DISPLAY ....................................................................... 18
Changing Display Mode ............................................................................... 18
Moving around the Chart and Changing Chart Scale ........................................ 19
Finding Your Boat Position ........................................................................... 19
Selecting Look Ahead ............................................................................... 19
Selecting Map Orientation ........................................................................... 19
2.7 NAVIGATION TO A SINGLE DESTINATION ..................................................... 19
2.8 RANGE/BEARING FUNCTION ........................................................................ 20
Selecting Ending point with cursor ................................................................ 20
Selecting Ending point by entering Range & Bearing ........................................ 20
2.9 MAN OVERBOARD (MOB) ............................................................................ 20
Inserting MOB ............................................................................... 20
Selecting Auto Info on MOB ......................................................................... 20
Deleting MOB ............................................................................... 20
3. Operations ............................................................................... 21
3.1 USER POINTS: MARKS AND WAYPOINTS ....................................................... 21
Creating Waypoint ............................................................................... 21
Creating Mark ............................................................................... 21
Editing User Point ............................................................................... 21
Deleting User Point ............................................................................... 21
Moving User Point ............................................................................... 21
Locating User Point on Map ......................................................................... 22
Sending/Receiving User Point ...................................................................... 22
Selecting User Points List page ..................................................................... 22
3.2 ROUTES ............................................................................... 22
Selecting Active Route ............................................................................... 22
Creating a Route ............................................................................... 22
Selecting Route Color for color chart plotter ................................................... 23
Deleting Route ............................................................................... 23
Following a Route (Activate the Navigation) ................................................... 23
Inserting Waypoint ............................................................................... 23
5
User Manual
Reversing Route ............................................................................... 23
Selecting Route Report page ........................................................................ 23
Locating Route on Map ............................................................................... 23
Sending Route ............................................................................... 24
Receiving Route ............................................................................... 24
3.3 GOTO FUNCTION ............................................................................... 24
Goto Cursor ............................................................................... 24
Goto Mark on the Chart page ....................................................................... 24
Goto Mark using the User Points List ............................................................. 24
Goto Route using the Select Route menu ....................................................... 24
Stopping Navigation ............................................................................... 24
3.4 USING TRACK ............................................................................... 24
Setting up a Track Step .............................................................................. 25
Selecting Track Pattern ............................................................................... 25
Displaying Track ............................................................................... 25
Activating/Deactivating Track Recording ........................................................ 25
Clearing All Tracks ............................................................................... 25
Selecting Track Number .............................................................................. 25
3.5 DATA WINDOW CUSTOMIZATION ON PAGES ................................................. 25
3.6 INFO ............................................................................... 26
Setting Automatic Info ............................................................................... 26
Selecting Automatic Info ............................................................................. 26
Displaying Expanded Info page (Full Info) ...................................................... 26
Info Tree and Expanded Info page ................................................................ 26
Info on objects with Pictures ........................................................................ 26
Quick Info on Lakes ............................................................................... 27
Full Info on Lakes ............................................................................... 28
3.7 PORT & TIDE INFO ............................................................................... 28
Getting Port Info ............................................................................... 28
Getting Tide Info ............................................................................... 29
3.8 FIND FUNCTION ............................................................................... 30
Finding Port Service ............................................................................... 30
Finding Port By Name ............................................................................... 30
Finding Port By Distance ............................................................................. 30
Finding Lakes Information ........................................................................... 31
Finding Lakes by Name ............................................................................... 31
Finding Points Of Interest ............................................................................ 31
Finding Tide Stations ............................................................................... 31
Finding Wrecks ............................................................................... 32
Finding Obstructions ............................................................................... 32
Finding User Points ............................................................................... 32
Finding Coordinates ............................................................................... 32
3.9 ALARMS ............................................................................... 32
Arrival Alarm ............................................................................... 32
XTE Alarm ............................................................................... 32
Depth Alarm ............................................................................... 32
Anchor Alarm ............................................................................... 32
Audible Alarm ............................................................................... 33
CM V6/V6i/11CV+/11CVS+: External Alarm ................................................... 33
Grounding Alarm ............................................................................... 33
Grounding Alarm Range .............................................................................. 33
Grounding Alarm Report ............................................................................. 33
3.10 USER C-CARD ............................................................................... 34
User C-CARD page ............................................................................... 34
Formatting User C-CARD ............................................................................. 34
Saving File on User C-CARD ......................................................................... 34
Loading File from User C-CARD .................................................................... 34
Deleting File from User C-CARD .................................................................... 35
CM 7MI/7CI/7MX/7CXS/11CV+/11CVS+: Changing User C-CARD ..................... 35
3.11 VIEW VIDEO INPUT For CM 11CV+/11CVS+ ................................................. 35
4. User Setting Up ............................................................................... 37
4.1 MENU ............................................................................... 37
Map Orientation ............................................................................... 37
6 User Manual
Palette for color chart plotter ....................................................................... 37
Zoom Type ............................................................................... 37
Font & Symbols ............................................................................... 37
Perspective View ............................................................................... 38
Dinamyc Nav-Aids ............................................................................... 38
Mixing Levels ............................................................................... 38
Safety Status Bar (DSI = Data Safety Indicator) ............................................. 39
Currents Prediction ............................................................................... 40
4.2 MAP ............................................................................... 40
Display Mode ............................................................................... 40
Marine Settings ............................................................................... 40
Depth Settings ............................................................................... 41
Land Settings ............................................................................... 41
Chart Settings ............................................................................... 41
Underwater Objects Settings ....................................................................... 42
4.3 GENERAL DISPLAY ............................................................................... 42
4.4 UNITS ............................................................................... 43
4.5 NAVIGATION ............................................................................... 43
4.6 COMPASS ............................................................................... 43
4.7 INPUT/OUTPUT SETUP ............................................................................... 44
CM V6/169CS/7MX/7CXS/11CV+/11CVS+: GPS Connection ............................. 44
GPS Setup Menu ............................................................................... 44
Autopilot Connection ............................................................................... 44
External NMEA Connection .......................................................................... 44
C-COM GSM PLUS Connection ...................................................................... 44
Output Sentences ............................................................................... 45
NMEA Data Input ............................................................................... 45
CM 169CS/169CSi/7Mi/7Ci/7MX/7CXS: Cable Wiring page ............................... 45
CM V6/V6i/11CV+/11CVS+: Power I/O Cable Wiring page ............................... 45
CM V6/11CV+/11CVS+: GPS Cable Wiring page ............................................. 45
CM 11CV+/11CVS+: AUX IN I/O Cable Wiring page ........................................ 45
Send/Receive Routes & Marks ...................................................................... 45
C-Link menu ............................................................................... 45
CM 11CV+/11CVS+: External Output ............................................................ 45
4.8 AIS ............................................................................... 46
4.8.1 AIS System Definitions ...................................................................... 46
4.8.2 AIS Menu ............................................................................... 47
4.8.3 To set the chart plotter for receiving AIS .............................................. 47
4.8.4 Quick Info on AIS Target .................................................................... 47
4.9 C-MAP WEATHER SERVICE .......................................................................... 47
4.9.1 C-MAP WEATHER SERVICE Menu ......................................................... 48
Download ............................................................................... 48
Copy from C-CARD ............................................................................ 49
Prediction ............................................................................... 49
Real Time View ............................................................................... 49
Type of Data ............................................................................... 49
4.10 FISH FINDER ............................................................................... 49
4.11 CM 169CS/169CSI/11CV+/CM 11CVS+: RADAR ............................................. 49
4.12 SYSTEM INFORMATION ............................................................................... 50
World Background Charts ............................................................................ 50
Worldwide Background Update ..................................................................... 50
4.13 CM 11CV+/CM 11CVS+: VIDEO INPUT .......................................................... 50
5. C-LINK ............................................................................... 51
5.1 C-LINK ............................................................................... 51
How C-Link system works ........................................................................... 51
C-Link serial connection .............................................................................. 51
5.2 C-LINK NAVIGATION DATA TRANSFER .......................................................... 51
Operations ............................................................................... 52
C-Link serial connection .............................................................................. 52
Master Chart Plotter ............................................................................... 53
Slave Chart Plotter ............................................................................... 53
C-Link navigation data: Acquisition and Display .............................................. 53
Graphical representation on Map Display ....................................................... 54
7
User Manual
Route Data Report ............................................................................... 54
Quick Info ............................................................................... 55
6. Maintenance ............................................................................... 57
6.1 SYSTEM TEST ............................................................................... 57
RAM Menu ............................................................................... 57
DIM Menu ............................................................................... 57
Cartridges ............................................................................... 57
Serial Ports ............................................................................... 58
Modem test ............................................................................... 58
7. Terms ............................................................................... 59
CHART MASTER V6/V6i ............................................................................... 65
FEATURE & FUNCTIONS ............................................................................... 65
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................................. 65
INSERTING/REMOVING PROCEDURE .................................................................... 66
Inserting the C-CARD ............................................................................... 66
Removing the C-CARD ............................................................................... 66
CHART PLOTTER DIMENSIONS ............................................................................ 66
INSTALLATION AND REMOVING ........................................................................... 67
EXTERNAL WIRING ............................................................................... 67
TYPICAL CONNECTIONS ............................................................................... 67
GPS Connection For chart plotter with External Smart GPS Receiver ................. 67
Autopilot Connection ............................................................................... 67
External NMEA Connection .......................................................................... 68
C-COM GSM Plus Connection ....................................................................... 68
External Alarm Connection .......................................................................... 68
CHART MASTER 7MI/7CI/7MX/7CXS .................................................................... 69
FEATURE & FUNCTIONS ............................................................................... 69
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................................. 69
INSERTING/REMOVING PROCEDURE .................................................................... 70
Inserting the C-CARD ............................................................................... 70
Removing the C-CARD ............................................................................... 70
CHART PLOTTER DIMENSIONS ............................................................................ 70
INSTALLATION AND REMOVING ........................................................................... 71
EXTERNAL WIRING ............................................................................... 71
TYPICAL CONNECTIONS ............................................................................... 72
Autopilot Connection ............................................................................... 72
External NMEA Connection .......................................................................... 72
GPS Connection For chart plotter with External Smart GPS Receiver ................. 72
C-COM GSM Plus Connection ....................................................................... 73
Beacon Receiver Connection For chart plotter with Internal GPS Receiver ......... 73
CHART MASTER 169CS/169CSI ............................................................................. 75
FEATURE & FUNCTIONS ............................................................................... 75
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................................. 75
INSERTING/REMOVING PROCEDURE .................................................................... 76
Inserting the C-CARD ............................................................................... 76
Removing the C-CARD ............................................................................... 76
CHART PLOTTER DIMENSIONS ............................................................................ 76
INSTALLATION AND REMOVING ........................................................................... 77
EXTERNAL WIRING ............................................................................... 77
TYPICAL CONNECTIONS ............................................................................... 78
Autopilot Connection ............................................................................... 78
External NMEA Connection .......................................................................... 78
GPS Connection For chart plotter with External Smart GPS Receiver ................. 78
C-COM GSM Plus Connection ....................................................................... 79
Beacon Receiver Connection For chart plotter with Internal GPS Receiver ......... 79
CHART MASTER 11CV+/11CVS+ ........................................................................... 81
FEATURE & FUNCTIONS ............................................................................... 81
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................................. 81
INSERTING/REMOVING PROCEDURE .................................................................... 82
Inserting the C-CARD ............................................................................... 82
Removing the C-CARD ............................................................................... 82
CHART PLOTTER DIMENSIONS ............................................................................ 82
INSTALLATION AND REMOVING ........................................................................... 83
8 User Manual
EXTERNAL WIRING ............................................................................... 83
TYPICAL CONNECTIONS ............................................................................... 84
GPS Connection ............................................................................... 84
Autopilot Connection ............................................................................... 84
External NMEA Connection .......................................................................... 85
External Alarm Connection .......................................................................... 85
C-COM GSM PLUS Connection ...................................................................... 85
CM V6/169CS/7MX/7CXS/11CV+/11CVS+: Installing the Smart GPS External ..... 87
Dimensions ............................................................................... 88
Analytical Index ............................................................................... 89
9
User Manual
About this User Manual
INTRODUCTION
The chart plotter is a state-of-the-art computerized electronic chart system, de-
signed as a sophisticated navigation aid. User friendly operations make the chart
plotter easy to operate. All calculations and information necessary for navigation
are performed and displayed on the screen quickly and accurately providing all of
the facilities of a conventional GPS but with the added benefit of a powerful elec-
tronic chart display. The cartographic information is obtained from C-CARD (car-
tography data cards) that are available through your local dealer. For additional
information on C-MAP Cartography visit web site at www.c-map.com.
CONVENTIONS USED
Throughout this User Manual, the labelled keys are shown in capital letters en-
closed in square brackets, for example [ENTER]; the software keys are shown in
small capital letters enclosed in square brackets, for example [EDIT].
Menu operations are in bold characters listed by keys sequence with the menu
names enclosed between inverted commas, for example [MENU] + "SETUP" +
[ENTER] + "MAP" + [ENTER] means: press the [MENU] key, using the cursor
key select the SETUP menu, press the [ENTER] key, select the Map menu and
then press [ENTER].
Any menu operation and function activation in this User Manual is related to all
chartplotter models. Whenever it is necessary, a note has been inserted for those
models with differences.
HOW THIS USER MANUAL IS ORGANIZED
CHAPTER 1: Overview
Introduction to the basic information on your chart plotter, its features
and use.
CHAPTER 2: Getting Started
Overview of the controls and how to start using the chart plotter.
CHAPTER 3: Operations
Description of the operation procedures of the chart plotter in detail.
CHAPTER 4: User Setting Up
Set up of the chart plotter, the charting preferences and the GPS options.
CHAPTER 5: C-LINK
C-Link system is a feature which allows to sharing the same carto-
graphic data between two chart plotter units linked via serial I/O port.
CHAPTER 6: Maintenance
User maintenance guidelines.
CHAPTER 7: Terms
List of the terms and abbreviations used in the User Manual.
CHART MASTER V6/V6i
Introduction to the basic information on CHART MASTER V6/V6i chart
plotter, its features and use. Installation of the chart plotter.
CHART MASTER 7MI/7CI/7MX/7CXS
Introduction to the basic information on CHART MASTER 7MI/7CI/7MX/
10 User Manual
7CXS chart plotter, its features and use. Installation of the chart plotter.
CHART MASTER 169CS/169CSi
Introduction to the basic information on CHART MASTER 169CS/169CSi
chart plotter, its features and use. Installation of the chart plotter.
CHART MASTER 11CV+/11CVS+
Introduction to the basic information on CHART MASTER 11CV+/11CVS+
chart plotter, its features and use. Installation of the chart plotter.
INSTALLING THE EXTERNAL SMART GPS
Introduction to the basic information on External Smart GPS Antenna
and its installation.
At the end of this User Manual we have also included an analytical index.
IF YOU NEED ASSISTANCE
If your chart plotter does not operate properly, go to Chapter 6. Most common
operating difficulties can be diagnosed using these tests.
If you still need assistance, call your local dealer, reporting the information avail-
able in the System Information page.
11
User Manual
Important Information
WARNING
Electronic charts displayed by the chart plotter are believed to be accurate and
reliable, but they are not intended to replace official charts which should remain
your main reference for all the matters related to the execution of a safe naviga-
tion. For this reason we would like to remind you that you are required to carry on
board and use the officially published and approved nautical charts.
WARRANTY STATEMENT
Interphase Technologies, Inc. warrants this unit to be free from defects in material
and workmanship. During the warranty period, Interphase Technologies, Inc. will
repair or replace any component which fails in normal use without charges for parts
or labor. To receive warranty service, the unit must be returned to a Interphase
Technologies, Inc. Authorized Warranty Service Centre, freight charges prepaid along
with a copy of the original retail purchase receipt. This warranty is in lieu of all other
warranties either expressed or implied.
This warranty does not apply to an Interphase product that has failed due
to improper installation, misuse, or accident, nor does it apply to products
which have been repaired or altered outside the Interphase factory.
Any costs incurred with transducer replacement are specifically excluded
from this warranty other than the cost of the transducer itself.
THIS IS THE ONLY WARRANTY. INTERPHASE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. EXPRESSLY
DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL OTHER WARRANTIES INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF
SUITABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT WILL IN-
TERPHASE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. NAVIGATION SYSTEMS LTD. BE LIABLE FOR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS OF USE. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPE-
CIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO STATE.
CAUTION
Please read through this manual before the first operation. If you have any
questions, please contact the Company's customer service or your local
dealer.
The chart plotter is not built water proof. Please give attention to avoid
water intrusion into the chart plotter. Water damage is not covered by the
warranty.
Extensive exposure to heat may result in damage to the chart plotter.
Connection to the power source with reversed polarity will damage the chart
plotter severely. This damage is not covered by the warranty.
The chart plotter contains dangerous high voltage circuits which only expe-
rienced technicians MUST handle.
The C-MAP C-CARDs are available from your local dealer.
Exposure of the display to UV rays may shorten the life of the liquid crystals
used in your plotter. This limitation is due to the current technology of the
LCD displays.
12 User Manual
Avoid overheating which may cause loss of contrast and, in extreme cases,
a darkening of the screen. Problems which occur from overheating are re-
versible when temperature decreases.
CLEANING PROCEDURE FOR THE PLOTTER SCREEN
Cleaning your chart plotter screen is a very important operation and must be
done carefully. Since the surface is covered by an antireflective coating, the
procedure for cleaning all the surfaces can be performed in the following way. You
use a tissue or lens tissue and a cleaning spray containing Isopropanol (a normal
spray cleaner sold for the PC screen, for example PolaClear by Polaroid). Fold the
tissue or lens tissue into a triangular shape, moisten the tip and use the index
finger behind a corner to move the tissue across the surface, in overlapping side
to side strokes. If the tissue is too wet, a noticeable wet film will be left in its path
and you will need to repeat the process. If too dry, the tissue won’t glide easily,
and may damage the surface.
NOTE We will not be liable for errors contained herein, or for incidental or
consequential damages in connection with the performance or use of this
material.
13
User Manual
1. Overview
1.1 CHART PLOTTER
Cursor Key : in the display screen moves the cursor quickly and accurately
in the menu page(s) scrolls the desired option
in Home mode, allows to exit from Home mode
POWER : turns On/Off the chart plotter
adjusts the backlight and contrast of the display
MOB : activates the MOB (Man OverBoard)
PAGE : selects the screen configuration you wish
CLEAR : if you are into a menu, exits from menu or leaves a menu without making changes
CM 11CV+/CM 11CVS+: for 1 second activates the Video Input 2
ENTER : if you are in chart page, places Marks, Waypoints and selects Range/Bearing
if you are into a menu, confirms selection
CM 11CV+/CM 11CVS+: for 1 second activates the Video Input 1
HOME : sets Home (Navigate) mode: the cursor is centered on ship's position
GOTO : places the Destination (Target or Goto) and activates the navigation to it
MENU : opens the menu on the top of the page
ZOOM IN : increases the chart scale and zooms in on your display
ZOOM OUT : decreases the scale and shows a wider view
Software Keys : have different functions according to the modes of operation: their labels for the
current functions, located on the front panel, are shown on the screen right above the
keys.
1.2 C-MAP NT MAX CARTOGRAPHY INFORMATION
MAX is a major evolution of the NT/NT
+
product technology. Key points are:
New Data Features
Tides and Currents (intuitive arrows show direction and strength)
World Background Charts with terrestrial data
Value Added Data (Pictures and Diagrams, Land Data)
Enhanced Port Info
New Presentation Features
Clear View (advanced legibility techniques providing more chart data
on the screen)
Clear Info (sophisticated "Human Dictionary" to translate Nav-Aid ab-
breviations found on paper charts)
Dynamic Nav-Aids (an innovative and dynamic presentation mode)
Flexi-Zoom (increased Under and Over Zoom between chart levels, re-
sulting in optimal scale display for any situation)
Dynamic Elevation Data (optimized palettes for chart plotters with 256
or more colors; includes new NOAA palette for US market)
Perspective View ("Real World" perspective view of the chart, updated
real-time during navigation)
MAX and NT/NT
+
C-CARD coexistence
When NT
+
data and MAX data cover different areas, the chart plotter
14 User Manual
gets data from both charts (depending on the current position).
When NT
+
data and MAX data cover the same area, the chart plotter
gets data only from MAX chart.
1.3 GPS
For centuries, sailors have been searching for a reliable and precise method of
travelling the world's waterways. From celestial navigating to the modern naviga-
tion techniques as Loran, Decca Navigator, Omega or Transit Satnav, each system
has had its problems with weather, range and reliability. Without doubt, the "Glo-
bal Positioning System", or GPS for short, is the most significant advance in navi-
gation: it gives the navigator a position 24 hours a day, 365 days a year in any
weather condition.
GPS is a satellite based navigation system which provides suitably equipped users
with accurate position, velocity and time data.
Originally the GPS, developed by the U.S. Department of Defense, was conceived
for military purposes, but now it is used in a host of civilian applications. To
safeguard military operations, the U.S. Department of Defense introduced an
artificial error, "Selective Availability" (SA), which causes a random position error
up to 100m (GPS has a natural precision of 15 meters).
GPS navigation uses satellite signals to determine your position in relation to a set
of satellites orbiting the earth. The GPS constellation of satellites continuously
send radio signals, containing the precise position for each satellite back to earth.
By knowing the position of 3 or 4 satellites and calculating various time differ-
ences between transmitted signals, the GPS receiver can determine its present
position anywhere on earth, and thanks to continuous updates, calculate speed
and course information.
How GPS works
Currently, the GPS constellation consists of 26 orbiting satellites (including 3
spares), but this number will increase in the future.
The GPS receiver computes an accurate position by calculating the distance to the
GPS satellites that orbit the earth. Signals are required from 3 satellites for two
dimensional (2D) position calculation whilst 4 satellites are required for three
dimensional (3D) position calculation.
As mentioned earlier, GPS satellites are not geostationary, but they are orbiting
the earth as illustrated on the following figure:
16
13
11
14
9
7
2
4
18
19
20
17
3
8
6
1
10
5
15
21
Fig. 1.3 - The GPS constellation
Note that position is repeatedly fixed through the following three steps while any
3 satellites are in line of sight.
The position calculation procedure is indicated in the following three steps:
1. GPS satellites continuously transmit their own precise orbital data and
the GPS receiver computes their locations by receiving this data.
15
User Manual
2. In this receiving process, the GPS receiver measures very accurate
distances to the satellites, using the "Spread Spectrum Modulation"
method. Excellence in GPS's position-fixing accuracy is mainly due to
this technology.
3. When the satellite locations and their distances are known, the GPS
receiver fixes its own position by triangulation:
d1
d2
d3
Fig. 1.3a - The GPS position calculation
As illustrated in the previous figure, the position is calculated as the meeting point
of three spheres which are drawn around the three satellites with diameters d1,
d2 and d3.
Position Fixing Accuracy: HDOP
The GPS fix accuracy is due to the locations of 3 satellites in the sky. High accu-
racy is obtainable when the satellites are widely scattered in the sky; on the
contrary, accuracy is reduced when the satellites have gathered in a narrow space.
In the following figure, in both cases it is possible to obtain the GPS fix, but in the
left case the accuracy will be higher than the right:
Fig. 1.3b - HDOP
The index for position-fixing accuracy is called HDOP ("Horizontal Dilution Of Pre-
cision", see also Chapter 7 for the HDOP definition).
The HDOP value indicates higher position accuracy. Ranges of 1.0 to 1.2 provide
the highest degree of accuracy. Higher values indicate less position accuracy. This
is due to the satellites being gathered in a narrow space. Satellites which are
widely scattered in the sky produce the highest degree of accuracy.
13

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Vul uw emailadres in en ontvang de handleiding van Interphase CHART MASTER 169CS in de taal/talen: Engels als bijlage per email.

De handleiding is 5,1 mb groot.

 

U ontvangt de handleiding per email binnen enkele minuten. Als u geen email heeft ontvangen, dan heeft u waarschijnlijk een verkeerd emailadres ingevuld of is uw mailbox te vol. Daarnaast kan het zijn dat uw internetprovider een maximum heeft aan de grootte per email. Omdat hier een handleiding wordt meegestuurd, kan het voorkomen dat de email groter is dan toegestaan bij uw provider.

Stel vragen via chat aan uw handleiding

Stel uw vraag over deze PDF

Uw handleiding is per email verstuurd. Controleer uw email

Als u niet binnen een kwartier uw email met handleiding ontvangen heeft, kan het zijn dat u een verkeerd emailadres heeft ingevuld of dat uw emailprovider een maximum grootte per email heeft ingesteld die kleiner is dan de grootte van de handleiding.

Er is een email naar u verstuurd om uw inschrijving definitief te maken.

Controleer uw email en volg de aanwijzingen op om uw inschrijving definitief te maken

U heeft geen emailadres opgegeven

Als u de handleiding per email wilt ontvangen, vul dan een geldig emailadres in.

Uw vraag is op deze pagina toegevoegd

Wilt u een email ontvangen bij een antwoord en/of nieuwe vragen? Vul dan hier uw emailadres in.



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