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31ZM3613
00X31-ZM3-6130
o
2003 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. -All Rights Reserved
N
2eY15000.2003.01
Printed in Japan
Owner’s Manual
GX22•GX31
BLACKDIC 157
31ZM3613
GX22・31_cover 03.3.5 11:36 ページ 1
Keep this owner’s manual handy, so you can refer to it at any time.
This owner’s manual is considered a permanent part of the engine and
should remain with the engine if resold.
The information and specifications included in this publication were in
effect at the time of approval for printing. Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
reserves the right, however, to discontinue or change specifications or
design at any time without notice and without incurring any obligation
whatever. No part of this publication may be reproduced without
written permission.
The engine exhaust from this product
contains chemicals known to the State
of California to cause cancer, birth
defects or other reproductive harm.
01/04/03 12:06:07 31ZM3601_001
1
INTRODUCTION
Congratulations on your selection of a Honda engine. We are certain
you will be pleased with your purchase of one of the finest engines on
the market.
We want to help you get the best results from your new engine and to
operate it safely. This manual contains the information on how to do
that; please read it carefully.
As you read this manual, you will find information preceded by a
symbol. That information is intended to help you avoid
damage to your engine, other property, or the environment.
We suggest you read the warranty policy to fully understand its
coverage and your responsibilities of ownership. The warranty policy
is a separate document that should have been given to you by your
dealer.
When your engine needs scheduled maintenance, keep in mind that
your Honda servicing dealer is specially trained in servicing Honda
engines. Your Honda servicing dealer is dedicated to your satisfaction
and will be pleased to answer your questions and concerns.
These engines are emissions-certified for use in handheld equipment.
They can only be used to power products that are defined by the
California Air Resources Board and the U.S. EPA as handheld.
Best Wishes,
Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
01/04/03 12:06:16 31ZM3601_002
2
INTRODUCTION
A FEW WORDS ABOUT SAFETY
Safety Messages
Safety Headings
Safety Section
Instructions
Your safety and the safety of others are very important. And using this
engine safely is an important responsibility.
To help you make informed decisions about safety, we have provided
operating procedures and other information on labels and in this
manual. This information alerts you to potential hazards that could
hurt you or others.
Of course, it is not practical or possible to warn you about all the
hazards associated with operating or maintaining an engine. You must
use your own good judgment.
You will find important safety information in a variety of forms,
including:
–– preceded by a safety alert symbol and one
of three signal words, DANGER, WARNING, or CAUTION.
These signal words mean:
You WILL be KILLED or SERIOUSLY HURT if
you don’t follow instructions.
You CAN be KILLED or SERIOUSLY HURT if
you don’t follow instructions.
You CAN be HURT if you don’t follow
instructions.
–– such as
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION.
–– such as
ENGINE SAFETY.
–– how to use this engine correctly and safely.
This entire book is filled with important safety information –– please
read it carefully.
01/04/03 12:06:29 31ZM3601_003
3
CONTENTS
.......................................................................................ENGINE SAFETY . 5
................................................IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION . 5
........................................................................CONTROLS & FEATURES . 7
............................................COMPONENT & CONTROL LOCATIONS . 7
............................................................................................CONTROLS . 8
.......................................................................................Choke Lever . 8
....................................................................................Throttle Lever . 9
...........................................................................Recoil Starter Grip . 10
...........................................................................................FEATURES . 11
...........................................................................Centrifugal Clutch . 11
.............................................................................BEFORE OPERATION . 12
.....................................................IS YOUR ENGINE READY TO GO? . 12
..................................Check the General Condition of the Engine . 12
.............................................................................Check the Engine . 13
............................Check the Equipment Powered by This Engine . 13
............................................................................................OPERATION . 14
...................................................SAFE OPERATING PRECAUTIONS . 14
....................................................................STARTING THE ENGINE . 14
.......................................................................................Hot Restart . 16
....................................................................STOPPING THE ENGINE . 17
...................................................................SETTING ENGINE SPEED . 18
.....................................................SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE . 19
............................................THE IMPORTANCE OF MAINTENANCE . 19
....................................................................MAINTENANCE SAFETY . 20
..............................................................MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE . 21
..........................................................................................REFUELING . 22
.............................................................FUEL RECOMMENDATIONS . 23
................................................................ENGINE OIL LEVEL CHECK . 24
.........................................................................ENGINE OIL CHANGE . 26
..................................................ENGINE OIL RECOMMENDATIONS . 28
....................................................................AIR FILTER INSPECTION . 29
.......................................................................AIR FILTER CLEANING . 30
.......................................................................SPARK PLUG SERVICE . 31
...............................................................COOLING FIN INSPECTION . 33
.................FUEL FILTER INSPECTION and FUEL TANK CLEANING . 34
..............................................................SPARK ARRESTER SERVICE . 36
02/12/17 12:46:27 31ZM3601_004
4
CONTENTS
..........................................................HELPFUL TIPS & SUGGESTIONS .40
...................................................................STORING YOUR ENGINE . 40
........................................................................Storage Preparation . 40
........................................................................Storage Precautions . 43
...................................................................Removal From Storage . 43
.................................................................................TRANSPORTING . 44
.....................................TAKING CARE OF UNEXPECTED PROBLEMS . 45
.................................................................ENGINE WILL NOT START . 45
.....................................................................ENGINE LACKS POWER . 45
........................................TECHNICAL & CONSUMER INFORMATION . 46
...............................................................TECHNICAL INFORMATION . 46
..................................................................Serial Number Location . 46
.................................................................Remote Control Linkage . 47
..................Carburetor Modification for High Altitude Operation . 48
...........................................................................Oxygenated Fuels . 49
..........................................Emission Control System Information . 50
...........................................................................................Air Index . 52
..................................................................................Specifications . 53
...............................................................................Wiring Diagram . 54
..............................................................CONSUMER INFORMATION . 55
.........................................................................Honda Publications . 55
........................................................Warranty Service Information . 56
............................QUICK REFERENCE INFORMATION . Inside back cover
01/04/03 12:06:37 31ZM3601_005
5
ENGINE SAFETY
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
Owner Responsibilities
Refuel With Care
Most accidents with engines can be prevented if you follow all
instructions in this manual and on the engine. Some of the most
common hazards are discussed below, along with the best way to
protect yourself and others.
Honda engines are designed to give safe and dependable service if
operated according to instructions. Read and understand this
owner’s manual before operating the engine. Failure to do so could
result in personal injury or equipment damage.
Know how to stop the engine quickly, and understand the operation
of all controls. Never permit anyone to operate the engine without
proper instructions.
Do not allow children to operate the engine. Keep children and pets
away from the area of operation.
Gasoline is extremely flammable, and gasoline vapor can explode.
Refuel outdoors, in a well-ventilated area, with the engine stopped.
Never smoke near gasoline, and keep other flames and sparks away.
Always store gasoline in an approved container. If any fuel is spilled,
make sure the area is dry before starting the engine.
01/04/03 12:06:45 31ZM3601_006
6
ENGINE SAFETY
Hot Exhaust
Other Equipment
Carbon Monoxide Hazard
The muffler becomes very hot during operation and remains hot for a
while after stopping the engine. Be careful not to touch the muffler
while it is hot. Let the engine cool before storing it indoors.
Exhaust gas contains poisonous carbon monoxide. Avoid inhalation of
exhaust gas. Never run the engine in a closed garage or confined area.
Review the instructions provided with the equipment powered by this
engine for any additional safety precautions that should be observed
in conjunction with engine startup, shutdown, operation, or protective
apparel that may be needed to operate the equipment.
02/12/17 12:46:34 31ZM3601_007
7
CONTROLS & FEATURES
COMPONENT & CONTROL LOCATIONS
Horizontal type:
Vertical type:
SPARK PLUG
CHOKE LEVER
AIR CLEANER
PRIMING BULB
FUEL TANK
FUEL FILLER CAP
OIL FILLER CAP
RECOIL STARTER
STARTER GRIP
MUFFLER
(inside the cover)
SPARK ARRESTER
RECOIL STARTER
STARTER GRIP
OIL FILLER CAP
FUEL TANK
PRIMING BULB
AIR CLEANER
CHOKE LEVER
SPARK PLUG
MUFFLER
(inside the cover)
FUEL FILLER CAP
01/04/03 12:06:58 31ZM3601_008
8
CONTROLS & FEATURES
CONTROLS
Choke Lever
CHOKE LEVER
CCLLOOSSEEDD
OOPPEENN
The choke lever opens and closes the choke valve in the carburetor.
The CLOSED position enriches the fuel mixture for starting a cold
engine.
The OPEN position provides the correct fuel mixture for operation
after starting, and for restarting a warm engine.
01/04/03 12:07:05 31ZM3601_009
9
CONTROLS & FEATURES
Throttle Lever
THROTTLE LEVER
FFAASSTT
SSLLOOWW
The throttle lever controls engine speed.
Moving the throttle lever in the directions shown makes the engine
runfasterorslower.
The throttle lever shown here will be connected to a remote control on
the equipment powered by this engine. Refer to the instructions
provided with that equipment for remote control information.
02/12/17 12:46:41 31ZM3601_010
10
CONTROLS & FEATURES
Recoil Starter Grip
Horizontal type:
Vertical type:
STARTER GRIP (EQUIPMENT SIDE)
(EQUIPMENT SIDE)
STARTER GRIP
Pulling the starter grip operates the recoil starter to crank the engine.
01/04/03 12:07:19 31ZM3601_011
11
CONTROLS & FEATURES
FEATURES
Centrifugal Clutch
The centrifugal clutch automatically engages and transmits power
when engine speed is increased above approximately 4,000 rpm. At
idle speed, the clutch is disengaged.
Do not run the engine without mounting it on equipment that includes
the centrifugal clutch drum and housing, or centrifugal force will cause
the clutch shoes to contact and damage the engine case.
01/04/03 12:07:24 31ZM3601_012
12
BEFORE OPERATION
IS YOUR ENGINE READY TO GO?
Check the General Condition of the Engine
For your safety, and to maximize the service life of your equipment, it
is very important to take a few moments before you operate the
engine to check its condition. Be sure to take care of any problem you
find, or have your servicing dealer correct it, before you operate the
engine.
Improperly maintaining this engine,
or failing to correct a problem
before operation, could cause a
malfunction in which you could be
seriously injured.
Always perform a preoperation
inspection before each operation,
and correct any problem.
Before beginning your preoperation checks, be sure the engine is level
and the ignition switch on the equipment is in the OFF position.
Look around and underneath the engine for signs of oil or gasoline
leaks.
Remove any excessive dirt or debris, especially around the muffler
and recoil starter.
Look for signs of damage.
Check that all shields and covers are in place, and all nuts, bolts, and
screws are tightened.
01/04/03 12:07:34 31ZM3601_013
13
BEFORE OPERATION
Check the Engine
Check the Equipment Powered by This Engine
Check the engine oil level (see page ). Running the engine with a
low oil level can cause engine damage.
Check the air filter (see page ). A dirty air filter will restrict air flow
to the carburetor, reducing engine performance.
Check that all nuts, bolts, and screws are tightened.
Check the fuel level. Starting with a full tank will help to eliminate or
reduce operating interruptions for refueling.
Review the instructions provided with the equipment powered by this
engine for any precautions and procedures that should be followed
before engine startup.
29
24
01/04/03 12:07:41 31ZM3601_014
15
OPERATION
Horizontal type: Vertical type:
STARTER GRIP
STARTER GRIP
(EQUIPMENT SIDE)
FUEL RETURN TUBE
(clear plastic tube)
PRIMING BULB
(EQUIPMENT SIDE)
Press the priming bulb repeatedly until fuel can be seen in the clear-
plastic fuel-return tube.
Turn the ignition switch to the ON position.
Pull the starter grip lightly until you feel resistance, then pull briskly.
Return the starter grip gently.
2.
3.
4.
01/04/03 12:07:57 31ZM3601_016
16
OPERATION
Hot Restart
IMPORTANT SAFETY PRECAUTION
CHOKE LEVER
OOPPEENN
Follow the STARTING THE ENGINE procedure on page and start
the engine with the choke lever in the OPEN position.
If the engine is operated at higher ambient temperatures then turned
off and allowed to sit for a short time, if may not restart on the first pull.
If necessary, use the following procedure:
The ignition switch and the throttle lever are located on the equipment
not on the engine.
Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position.
Move the choke lever to the OPEN position.
Hold the throttle lever in the full throttle position.
Pull the starter grip 3 to 5 times.
If the choke lever was moved to the CLOSED position to start the
engine, gradually move it to the OPEN position as the engine warms
up.
Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position before performing the
following procedure. This will prevent the engine from starting and
running at maximum speed when the throttle is in the full throttle
position. If the engine starts, with the throttle in the full throttle
position, the equipment can move forward rapidly or the trimmer
attachment can spin at maximum speed. This may result in personal
injury.
5.
5.
4.
3.
2.
14
1.
02/12/17 12:46:54 31ZM3601_017
18
OPERATION
SETTING ENGINE SPEED
THROTTLE LEVER
SSLLOOWW
FFAASSTT
Position the throttle lever for the desired engine speed.
The throttle lever shown here will be connected to a remote control on
the equipment powered by this engine. Refer to the instructions
provided with that equipment for remote control information and for
engine speed recommendations.
For engine speed recommendations, refer to the instructions provided
with the equipment powered by this engine.
Be careful not to increase engine speed above 8,500 rpm for the
vertical type engine.
Be careful not to increase engine speed above 10,000 rpm for the
horizontal type engine.
01/04/03 12:08:15 31ZM3601_019
19
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
THE IMPORTANCE OF MAINTENANCE
Maintenance, replacement or repair of emission control devices and
systems may be done by any engine repair establishment or
individual, using parts that are ‘‘certified’’ to EPA standards.
Good maintenance is essential for safe, economical, and trouble-free
operation. It will also help reduce air pollution.
Improperly maintaining this engine,
or failure to correct a problem
before operation, can cause a
malfunction in which you can be
seriously hurt or killed.
Always follow the inspection and
maintenance recommendations and
schedules in this owner’s manual.
To help you properly care for your engine, the following pages include
a maintenance schedule, routine inspection procedures, and simple
maintenance procedures using basic hand tools. Other service tasks
that are more difficult, or require special tools, are best handled by
professionals and are normally performed by a Honda technician or
other qualified mechanic.
The maintenance schedule applies to normal operating conditions. If
you operate your engine under unusual conditions, such as sustained
high-load or high-temperature operation, or use in unusually wet or
dusty conditions, consult your servicing dealer for recommendations
applicable to your individual needs and use.
01/04/03 12:08:23 31ZM3601_020
20
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
MAINTENANCE SAFETY
Safety Precautions
Carbon monoxide poisoning from engine exhaust.
Burns from hot parts.
Injury from moving parts.
Some of the most important safety precautions follow. However, we
cannot warn you of every conceivable hazard that can arise in
performing maintenance. Only you can decide whether or not you
should perform a given task.
Failure to properly follow
maintenance instructions and
precautions can cause you to be
seriously hurt or killed.
Always follow the procedures and
precautions in the owner’s manual.
Make sure the engine is off before you begin any maintenance or
repairs. This will eliminate several potential hazards:
Be sure there is adequate ventilation whenever you operate the
engine.
Let the engine and exhaust system cool before touching.
Do not run the engine unless instructed to do so.
Read the instructions before you begin, and make sure you have the
tools and skills required.
To reduce the possibility of fire or explosion, be careful when
working around gasoline. Use only a nonflammable solvent, not
gasoline, to clean parts. Keep cigarettes, sparks and flames away
from all fuel-related parts.
Remember that your servicing dealer knows your engine best and is
fully equipped to maintain and repair it.
To ensure the best quality and reliability, use only new, genuine
Honda parts or their equivalents for repair and replacement.
01/04/03 12:08:35 31ZM3601_021
21
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
For commercial use, log hours of operation to determine
proper maintenance intervals.
These items should be serviced by your servicing dealer,
unless you have the proper tools and are mechanically
proficient. Refer to Honda shop manual for service
procedures.
Service more frequently when used in dusty areas.
Emission-related items.
Engine oil
Air filter
Spark plug
Engine cooling fins
Spark arrester
Fuel tank
Fuel filter
Clutch shoes
Idle speed
Valve clearance
Combustion
chamber
Fuel tubes
REGULAR SERVICE PERIOD (3)
ITEM
Change
Check
Clean
Replace
Check
Check
Check
Clean
Clean
Check Every 2 years (Replace if necessary) (2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
33
36
34
34
Clean
(2)
24
26
29
30
31
Refer
to
page
Perform at every indicated
month or operating hour
interval, whichever comes first.
Check
(Retighten if necessary)
Each
use
First
month
or
10 hrs.
Every
3 months
or
25 hrs.
Every
6 months
or
50 hrs.
Every
year
or
100 hrs.
After every 300 hrs (2)
Check level
Check-adjust
Check-adjust
Check-adjust
Nuts, bolts, fasteners
(2)
(1)
(3)
Every
2 years
or
300 hrs.
01/04/03 12:08:47 31ZM3601_022
22
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
REFUELING
Horizontal type: Vertical type:
FUEL TANK CAP
MAXIMUM FUEL LEVEL
Check the fuel level by looking through the translucent fuel tank.
If the fuel level is low, refuel in a well-ventilated area with the engine
stopped. If the engine has been running, allow it to cool.
To refuel, rest the engine on the ground with the fuel tank cap facing
up, as shown. Remove the fuel tank cap, and fill the tank with gasoline
to the bottom of the filler neck. Refuel carefully to avoid spilling fuel.
Do not overfill. There should be no fuel in the filler neck. After
refueling, tighten the fuel tank cap securely.
Gasoline is highly flammable and
explosive.
You can be burned or seriously
injured when handling fuel.
Stop the engine and keep heat,
sparks, and flame away.
Handle fuel only outdoors.
Wipe up spills immediately.
0.119 US gal (0.45
, 0.099 Imp gal)
0.159 US gal (0.60
, 0.132 Imp gal)
0.172 US gal (0.65
, 0.143 Imp gal)
0.159 US gal (0.60
, 0.132 Imp gal)
Fuel tank capacities
GX22:
GX31:
for vertical types
for horizontal types
for horizontal types
for vertical types
01/04/03 12:08:59 31ZM3601_023
23
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
Use unleaded gasoline with a pump octane rating of 86 or higher.
FUEL RECOMMENDATIONS
Never refuel the engine inside a building where gasoline fumes may
reach flames or sparks. Keep gasoline away from appliance pilot lights,
barbecues, electric appliances, power tools, etc.
Spilled fuel is not only a fire hazard, it causes environmental damage.
Wipe up spills immediately.
Fuel can damage paint and plastic. Be careful not to spill fuel when
filling your fuel tank. Damage caused by spilled fuel is not covered
under warranty.
Running the engine with persistent spark knock or pinging is misuse,
and the
Distributor’s Limited Warranty
does not cover parts damaged
by misuse.
Running the engine with persistent spark knock or pinging can cause
engine damage.
If spark knock or pinging occurs at a steady engine speed, under
normal load, change brands of gasoline. If spark knock or pinging
persists, see an authorized Honda servicing dealer.
Occasionally you may hear a light ‘‘spark knock’’ or ‘‘pinging’’
(metallic rapping noise) while operating under heavy loads. This is no
cause for concern.
Never use stale or contaminated gasoline or an oil/gasoline mixture.
Avoid getting dirt or water in the fuel tank.
These engines are certified to operate on unleaded gasoline. Unleaded
gasoline produces fewer engine and spark plug deposits and extends
exhaust system life.
01/04/03 12:09:10 31ZM3601_024
24
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
ENGINE OIL LEVEL CHECK
Horizontal type: Vertical type:
UPPER LIMIT
OIL FILLER CAP/DIPSTICK
FUEL TANK
Check the engine oil level before each use, or every 10 hours if
operated continuously.
Check the engine oil level with the engine stopped and in a level
position.
For the vertical type engine, turn it 90 degrees with the fuel tank
downward before performing engine oil level check.
Remove the oil filler cap/dipstick and wipe it clean.
Insert and remove the dipstick without screwing it into the filler neck.
Check the oil level shown on the dipstick.
If the oil level is low, fill to the edge of the oil filler hole with the
recommended oil (see page 28). To avoid overfilling or underfilling,
be sure the engine is in a level position, as shown, while adding oil.
1.
2.
3.
01/04/03 12:09:22 31ZM3601_025
25
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
Running the engine with a low or excessive oil level can cause engine
damage.
Reinstall the oil filler cap/dipstick securely.4.
01/04/03 12:09:27 31ZM3601_026
26
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
ENGINE OIL CHANGE
FUEL TANK CAP
OIL FILLER NECK
Drain the used oil while the engine is warm. Warm oil drains quickly
and completely.
For the vertical type engine, turn it 90 degrees with the fuel tank
downward before performing engine oil change.
Check that the fuel tank cap is tightened securely.
Place a suitable container next to the engine to catch the used oil.
Remove the oil filler cap/dipstick and drain the oil into the container
by tipping the engine toward the oil filler neck.
Please dispose of used motor oil in a manner that is compatible with
the environment. We suggest you take used oil in a sealed container
to your local recycling center or service station for reclamation. Do
not throw it in the trash, pour it on the ground, or down a drain.
1.
2.
3.
01/04/03 12:09:34 31ZM3601_027
27
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
Horizontal type: Vertical type:
OIL FILLER CAP/DIPSTICK
UPPER LIMIT
Running the engine with a low or excessive oil level can cause
engine damage.
Reinstall the oil filler cap/dipstick securely.
0.11 US qt (0.10
,0.09Impqt)
With the engine in a level position, fill to the edge of the oil filler hole
with the recommended oil (see page 28).
Add the engine oil slowly to avoid overflowing, as the engine oil
tank capacity is small.
4.
5.
Engine oil capacity:
01/04/03 12:09:46 31ZM3601_028
28
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
ENGINE OIL RECOMMENDATIONS
SAE Viscosity Grades
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
Oil is a major factor affecting performance and service life. Use
4-stroke automotive detergent oil.
SAE 10W-30 is recommended for general use. Other viscosities shown
in the chart may be used when the average temperature in your area is
within the recommended range.
The recommended operating range of this engine is 23°F to 104°F
( 5°C to 40°C).
The SAE oil viscosity and service classification are in the API label on
the oil container. Honda recommends that you use API SERVICE
categorySJoil.
01/04/03 12:09:54 31ZM3601_029
29
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
AIR FILTER INSPECTION
Vertical type:
Horizontal type:
AIR CLEANER
COVER
AIR CLEANER BODY
AIR CLEANER COVER
UPPER TAB
LOWER TABS
AIR CLEANER BODY
FILTER
CHOKE LEVER
FILTER
UPPER
TAB
Operating the engine without an air filter, or with a damaged air filter,
will allow dirt to enter the engine, causing rapid engine wear. This type
of damage is not covered by the
Distributor’s Limited Warranty.
Press the latch tab on the top of the air cleaner cover, and remove the
cover. Check the filter to be sure it is clean and in good condition.
If the filter is dirty, clean it as described on page 30. Replace the filter if
it is damaged.
Reinstall the filter and air cleaner cover.
01/04/03 12:10:02 31ZM3601_030
30
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
AIR FILTER CLEANING
Horizontal type:
Vertical type:
FILTER
FILTER
A dirty air filter will restrict air flow to the carburetor, reducing engine
performance. If you operate the engine in very dusty areas, clean the
air filter more than specified in the MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE.
Clean the air filter in warm soapy water, rinse, and allow to dry
thoroughly. Or clean in nonflammable solvent and allow to dry.
Dip the air filter in clean engine oil, then squeeze out all excess oil.
The engine will smoke when started if too much oil is left in the
foam.
Wipe dirt from the air cleaner body and cover, using a moist rag. Be
careful to prevent dirt from entering the carburetor.
1.
3.
2.
01/04/03 12:10:09 31ZM3601_031
−−
31
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
SPARK PLUG SERVICE
SPARK PLUG
SPARK PLUG CAP
(0.60 0.70 mm)
0.024 0.028 in
Disconnect the spark plug cap, and remove any dirt from around the
spark plug area.
Remove the spark plug with a 5/8-inch spark plug wrench.
CR5HSB
U16FSR-UB
Inspect the spark plug. Replace it if
the electrodes are worn, or if the
insulator is cracked or chipped.
Clean the spark plug with a wire
brush if you are going to reuse it.
Measure the spark plug electrode
gap with a suitable gauge. The gap
should be 0.024 0.028 in (0.60
0.70 mm). Correct the gap, if
necessary, by carefully bending the
side electrode.
Install the spark plug carefully, by
hand, to avoid cross-threading.
An incorrect spark plug can cause engine damage.
2.
1.
Recommended spark plug:
3.
4.
5.
(NGK)
(DENSO)
01/04/03 12:10:18 31ZM3601_032
32
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
A loose spark plug can overheat and damage the engine.
Overtightening the spark plug can damage the threads in the
cylinder head.
Attach the spark plug cap.
After the spark plug seats, tighten with a 5/8-inch spark plug wrench
to compress the washer.
If reinstalling the used spark plug, tighten 1/8 1/4 turn after the
spark plug seats.
If installing a new spark plug, tighten 1/2 turn after the spark plug
seats.
6.
7.
01/04/03 12:10:23 31ZM3601_033
33
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
COOLING FIN INSPECTION
COOLING FINS
(inside the cover)
Inspect the engine cooling fins, and clean out debris if they are
clogged.
If it is necessary to remove the top cover for better access to the
cooling fins, refer to the disassembly instructions on pages and .3837
01/04/03 12:10:31 31ZM3601_034
34
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
FUEL FILTER INSPECTION and FUEL TANK CLEANING
ENGINE OIL FILLER CAP
FUEL FILLER NECK
Check that the engine oil filler cap is tightened securely.
Remove the fuel tank cap, and drain the fuel into an approved
gasoline container by tipping the engine toward the fuel filler neck.
Gasoline is highly flammable and
explosive.
You can be burned or seriously
injured when handling fuel.
Keep heat, sparks and flame away.
Handle fuel only outdoors.
Wipe up spills immediately.
1.
2.
01/04/03 12:10:38 31ZM3601_035
35
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
Vertical type:Horizontal type:
FUEL FILTER
Pull the fuel filter out through the fuel filler neck by hooking the
black fuel tube with a piece of wire, such as a partly straightened
paper clip.
Inspect the fuel filter. If the fuel filter is dirty, wash it gently with
nonflammable or high flashpoint solvent. If the fuel filter is
excessively dirty, replace it.
Rinse sediment from the fuel tank, using nonflammable or high
flashpoint solvent.
Insert the fuel filler into the fuel tank and tighten the fuel filter cap
securely.
3.
4.
5.
6.
01/04/03 12:10:46 31ZM3601_036
36
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
SPARK ARRESTER SERVICE
SPARK ARRESTER SCREEN
DEFLECTOR GUARD
4 mm SCREWS
DEFLECTOR
SPARK ARRESTER
TOP COVER
The spark arrester must be serviced every 100 hours to keep it
functioning as designed.
If the engine has been running, the muffler will be very hot. Allow the
muffler to cool before servicing the spark arrester.
To reach the spark arrester screen on vertical-shaft engines, remove
the deflector guard from the engine top cover and the deflector from
the spark arrester by removing the 4 mm screws as shown below for
reaching the spark arrester screen.
Use a brush to remove carbon deposits from the spark arrester
screen. Be careful to avoid damaging the screen.
The spark arrester must be free of breaks and holes. Replace the
spark arrester if it is damaged.
01/04/03 12:10:57 31ZM3601_037
×
37
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
RETAINERS
SPARK PLUG WIREIGNITION SWITCH WIRE
RECOIL STARTER
518mmBOLTS
Remove and clean the spark arrester in the following manner, or have
it serviced by your Honda dealer, if it becomes fouled excessively.
Remove the four 5 mm bolts from the recoil starter, and remove the
recoil starter.
Remove the air cleaner cover (see page 29).
Remove the spark plug cap, and then remove the spark plug wire
and the ignition switch wire from their retainers on the engine top
cover.
1.
2.
3.
01/04/03 12:11:08 31ZM3601_038
×
×
×
×
38
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
SPARK ARRESTER
TOP COVER
MUFFLER
MUFFLER COVER
4 mm SCREW
522mmBOLTS
5 16 mm SCREW
5 10 mm SCREW
5 8 mm SCREW
Remove the two 5 mm bolts from the top cover, and remove the top
cover.
Remove the three 5 mm screws from the muffler cover, and remove
the muffler cover.
Remove the 4 mm screw from the spark arrester, and remove the
spark arrester from the muffler.
4.
5.
6.
01/04/03 12:11:17 31ZM3601_039
39
SERVICING YOUR HONDA ENGINE
SPARK PLUG WIRE
SPARK ARRESTER SCREEN
RETAINERS
IGNITION SWITCH WIRE
Use a brush to remove carbon deposits from the spark arrester
screen. Be careful to avoid damaging the screen.
The spark arrester must be free of breaks and holes. Replace the
spark arrester if it is damaged.
Install the spark arrester, muffler cover, top cover, and recoil starter
in the reverse order of disassembly.
Secure the ignition switch wire and spark plug wire in the retainers
on the engine top cover.
7.7.
9.
8.
01/04/03 12:11:25 31ZM3601_040
40
HELPFUL TIPS & SUGGESTIONS
STORING YOUR ENGINE
Storage Preparation
Cleaning
Fuel
Proper storage preparation is essential for keeping your engine
troublefree and looking good. The following steps will help to keep
rust and corrosion from impairing your engine’s function and
appearance, and will make the engine to start easier when you use it
again.
If the engine has been running, allow it to cool for at least half an hour
before cleaning. Clean all exterior surfaces, touch up any damaged
paint, and coat other areas that may rust with a light film of oil.
Using a garden hose or pressure washing equipment can force
water into the air cleaner or muffler opening. Water in the air cleaner
will soak the air filter, and water that passes through the air filter or
muffler can enter the cylinder, causing damage.
Water contacting a hot engine can cause damage. If the engine has
been running, allow it to cool for at least half an hour before
washing.
The length of time that gasoline can be left in your fuel tank and
carburetor without causing functional problems will vary with such
factors as gasoline blend, your storage temperatures, and whether the
fuel tank is partially or completely filled. The air in a partially filled fuel
tank promotes fuel deterioration. Very warm storage/temperatures
accelerate fuel deterioration. Fuel deterioration problems may occur
within a few months, or even less if the gasoline was not fresh when
you filled the fuel tank.
Gasoline will oxidize and deteriorate in storage. Old gasoline will
cause hard starting, and it leaves gum deposits that clog the fuel
system. If the gasoline in your engine deteriorates during storage, you
may need to have the carburetor and other fuel system components
serviced or replaced.
01/04/03 12:11:34 31ZM3601_041
41
HELPFUL TIPS & SUGGESTIONS
ADDING A FUEL STABILIZER TO EXTEND FUEL STORAGE LIFE
The
Distributor’s Limited Warranty
does not cover fuel system
damage or engine performance problems resulting from neglected
storage preparation.
You can extend fuel storage life by adding a fuel stabilizer that is
formulated for that purpose, or you can avoid fuel deterioration
problems by draining the fuel tank and carburetor.
When adding a fuel stabilizer, fill the fuel tank with fresh gasoline. If
only partially filled, air in the tank will promote fuel deterioration
during storage. If you keep a container of gasoline for refueling, be
sure that it contains only fresh gasoline.
Add fuel stabilizer following the manufacture’s instructions.
After adding a fuel stabilizer, run the engine outdoors for 10 minutes
to be sure that treated gasoline has replaced the untreated gasoline
in the carburetor.
1.
2.
02/12/17 12:47:00 31ZM3601_042
42
HELPFUL TIPS & SUGGESTIONS
DRAINING THE FUEL TANK AND CARBURETOR
ENGINE OIL FILLER CAP
PRIMING BULB FUEL RETURN TUBE
FUEL FILLER NECK
Gasoline is highly flammable and
explosive.
You can be burned or seriously
injured when handling fuel.
Keep heat, sparks and flame away.
Handle fuel only outdoors.
Wipe up spills immediately.
Remove the fuel tank cap and drain the fuel into an approved
gasoline container by tipping the engine toward the fuel filler neck.
Press the priming bulb several times until there is no more fuel in
the fuel return tube.
Tip the engine toward the fuel filler neck again to drain the fuel.
After all fuel has drained, reinstall the fuel tank cap securely.
1.
2.
3.3.
4.
01/04/03 12:11:49 31ZM3601_043
43
HELPFUL TIPS & SUGGESTIONS
Engine Oil
Storage Precautions
Removal From Storage
If your engine will be stored with gasoline in the fuel tank and
carburetor, it is important to reduce the hazard of gasoline vapor
ignition. Select a well-ventilated storage area away from any appliance
that operates with a flame, such as a furnace, water heater, or clothes
dryer. Also avoid any area with a spark-producing electric motor, or
where power tools are operated.
If possible, avoid storage areas with high humidity, because that
promotes rust and corrosion.
With the engine and exhaust system cool, cover the engine to keep out
dust. A hot engine and exhaust system can ignite or melt some
materials. Do not use sheet plastic as a dust cover. A nonporous cover
will trap moisture around the engine, promoting rust and corrosion.
Check your engine as described in the
BEFORE OPERATION
chapter of
this manual.
If the fuel was drained during storage preparation, fill the tank with
fresh gasoline. If you keep a container of gasoline for refueling, be
sure that it contains only fresh gasoline. Gasoline oxidizes and
deteriorates over time, causing hard starting.
Change the engine oil (see page 26).
Remove the spark plug (see page 31).
Pour a teaspoon (1 3 cc) of clean engine oil into the cylinder.
Pull the starter rope several times to distribute the oil in the cylinder.
Reinstall the spark plug.
If the cylinder was coated with oil during storage preparation, the
engine may smoke briefly at startup. This is normal.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
01/04/03 12:12:00 31ZM3601_044
44
HELPFUL TIPS & SUGGESTIONS
TRANSPORTING
If the engine has been running, allow it to cool for at least 15 minutes
before loading the engine-powered equipment on the transport
vehicle. A hot engine and exhaust system can burn you and can ignite
some materials.
01/04/03 12:12:04 31ZM3601_045
45
TAKING CARE OF UNEXPECTED PROBLEMS
ENGINE WILL NOT
START
Possible Cause Correction
ENGINE LACKS
POWER
Possible Cause Correction
Check air filter.
Check fuel.
Take engine to an
authorized Honda
servicing dealer, or
refertoshopmanual.
Filter element clogged.
Bad fuel; engine stored
without treating or
draining gasoline, or
refueled with bad
gasoline.
Fuel filter clogged,
carburetor malfunction,
ignition malfunction,
valves stuck, etc.
Clean or replace filter
element (p. 30).
Drain fuel tank and
carburetor (p. 42).
Refuel with fresh
gasoline.
Replace or repair faulty
components as
necessary.
Check control
positions.
Check fuel.
Remove and inspect
spark plug.
Take engine to an
authorized Honda
servicing dealer, or
refertoshopmanual.
Choke open.
Ignition switch OFF.
(on the equipment)
Out of fuel.
Bad fuel; engine stored
without treating or
draining gasoline, or
refueled with bad
gasoline.
Spark plug faulty,
fouled, or improperly
gapped.
Spark plug wet with
fuel (flooded engine).
Fuel filter clogged,
carburetor malfunction,
ignition malfunction,
valves stuck, etc.
Move the choke lever
to CLOSED position
unless engine is warm.
Turn ignition switch to
ON.
Refuel.
Drain fuel tank and
carburetor (p. 42).
Refuel with fresh
gasoline.
Clean, gap, or replace
spark plug (p. 31).
Dry and reinstall spark
plug. Start engine with
throttle lever in FAST
position, with choke
lever in OPEN position.
Replace or repair faulty
components as
necessary.
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
01/04/03 12:12:17 31ZM3601_046
46
TECHNICAL & CONSUMER INFORMATION
TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Serial Number Location
SERIAL NUMBER
ENGINE TYPE
Engine serial number:
Record the engine serial number in the space below. You will need this
serial number when ordering parts, and when making technical or
warranty inquires (see page ).56
01/04/03 12:12:23 31ZM3601_047
−−
±
QUICK REFERENCE INFORMATION
Unleaded gasoline with a pump
octane rating of 86 or higher
SAE 10W-30, API SJ, for general
use
0.11 US qt (0.10
,0.09Impqt)
CR5HSB
0.024 0.028 in (0.60 0.70 mm)
3,100 200 rpm
U16FSR-UB
Type
Capacity
Type
Capacity
Type
Gap
Idle speed
Before
each use
First 10
hours
Subsequent
Fuel
Engine Oil
Spark Plug
Carburetor
Maintenance
0.119 U S g a l
(0.45
, 0.099 Imp gal)
0.159 U S g a l
(0.60
, 0.132 Imp gal)
0.172 U S g a l
(0.65
, 0.143 Imp gal)
0.159 U S g a l
(0.60
, 0.132 Imp gal)
Check engine oil level.
Check air filter.
Check all bolts and nuts.
Change engine oil.
Refer to the maintenance
schedule on page 21.
GX22:
GX31:
NGK:
DENSO:
for horizontal types
for vertical types
for horizontal types
for vertical types
(page 23)
(page 31)
(page 28)
01/04/03 12:14:16 31ZM3601_058
59

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