Handleiding Meade ETX-105AT (pagina 57 van 60) (Engels)

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APPENDIX D:BASIC

ASTRONOMY

Fig. 53: The Moon. Note

the deep shadows in the

craters.

In the early 17th century Italian Scientist Galileo, using a telescope smaller than your

ETX, turned it skyward instead of looking at the distant trees and mountains. What he

saw and what he realized about what he saw, has forever changed the way mankind

thinks about the universe. Imagine what it must have been like being the first human

to see moons revolve around the planet Jupiter or to see the changing phases of

Venus! Because of his observations, Galileo correctly realized Earth's movement and

position around the Sun and in doing so, gave birth to modern astronomy. Yet

Galileo's telescope was so crude, he could not clearly make out the rings of Saturn.

Galileo's discoveries laid the foundation for understanding the motion and nature of

the planets, stars and galaxies. Building on his foundation, Henrietta Leavitt

determined how to measure the distance to stars, Edwin Hubble gave us a glimpse

into the possible origin of the universe, Albert Einstein unraveled the crucial

relationship of time and light and 21st-century astronomers are currently discovering

planets around stars outside our solar system. Almost daily, using sophisticated

successors to Galileo's telescope, such as the Hubble Space Telescope and the

Chandra X-Ray Telescope, more and more mysteries of the universe are being

probed and understood. We are living in the golden age of astronomy.

Unlike other sciences, astronomy welcomes contributions from amateurs. Much of the

knowledge we have on subjects such as comets, meteor showers, double and

variable stars, the Moon and our solar system comes from observations made by

amateur astronomers. So as you look through your Meade

ETX telescope, keep in

mind Galileo. To him, a telescope was not merely a machine made of glass and metal,

but something far more—a window of incredible discovery.

Autostar Glossary

Be sure to make use of Autostar’s Glossary feature. The Glossary menu provides an

alphabetical listing of definitions and descriptions of common astronomical terms.

Access directly through the Glossary menu or through hypertext words embedded in

Autostar. See

GLOSSARY MENU, page 26, for more information.

The Moon

The Moon is, on average, a distance of 239,000 miles (380,000km) from Earth and is

best observed during its crescent or half phase when Sunlight strikes the Moon’s

surface at an angle. It casts shadows and adds a sense of depth to the view (

Fig. 53).

No shadows are seen during a full Moon, causing the overly bright Moon to appear

flat and rather uninteresting through the telescope. Be sure to use a neutral Moon

filter when observing the Moon. Not only does it protect your eyes from the bright glare

of the Moon, but it also helps enhance contrast, providing a more dramatic image.

Using your ETX model, brilliant detail can be observed on the Moon, including

hundreds of lunar craters and maria, described below.

Craters are round meteor impact sites covering most of the Moon’s surface. With no

atmosphere on the Moon, no weather conditions exist, so the only erosive force is

meteor strikes. Under these conditions, lunar craters can last for millions of years.

Maria (plural for mare, seas) are smooth, dark areas scattered across the lunar

surface. These areas are ancient impact basins that were filled with lava from the

interior of the Moon by the depth and force of the meteor or comet impact.

12 Apollo astronauts left their bootprints on the Moon in the late 1960’s and early

1970’s. However, no telescope on Earth can see these footprints or any other

artifacts. In fact, the smallest lunar features that may be seen with the largest

telescope on Earth are about one-half mile across.

Note: Except during its early or late crescent phases, the Moon can be an

exceptionally bright object to view through the telescope. To reduce the

brightness and glare, use the #905 Variable Polarizing Filter (see the

MEADE

GENERAL CATALOG

for more information).

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