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heating tissue), exposure to low-level RF that does not produce heating effects
results in no known adverse health effects. Many studies of low-level RF exposures
have not uncovered any biological effects. Although some studies have suggested
that some biological effects may occur, such findings have not been confirmed by
additional research. In some cases, other researchers have had difficulty in
reproducing those studies, and/or determining the reasons for inconsistent results.
3. What are the results of the research done already?
The research conducted thus far has produced conflicting results, and many studies
have suffered from flaws in their research methods. Animal experiments investigating
the effects of Radio Frequency (RF) energy exposures characteristic of wireless
phones have yielded conflicting results that often cannot be repeated in other
laboratories. A few animal studies, however, have suggested that low levels of RF
could accelerate the development of cancer in laboratory animals. However, many
of the studies that showed increased tumor development used animals that had been
genetically engineered or treated with cancer-causing chemicals so as to be pre-
disposed to develop cancer in the absence of RF exposure. Other studies exposed
the animals to RF for up to 22 hours per day. These conditions are not similar to the
conditions under which people use wireless phones, so it is largely unknown what
the results of such studies mean for human health and safety. Three large
epidemiology studies have been published since December 2000. These studies
investigated possible associations between the use of wireless phones and primary
brain cancer (glioma, meningioma, acoustic neuroma, other brain tumors, and
salivary gland tumors), leukemia, or other types of cancer. None of the studies
demonstrated the existence of any harmful health effects from wireless phone RF
exposures. However, none of the studies can provide absolute findings about long-
